塑料的EMI／RFI屏蔽

本文综述了防止电磁干扰和无线电频率干扰的塑料涂层的各种方法。当今,占主导地位的是镍基有机导电涂层,但化学沉铜/镍镀层对高性能产品如使用在保密和军事上的计算机更重要。在美国经济界,电子设备中塑料机壳的增长是最快的工业之一,结果使树脂的应用,模具和涂镀设备亦趋于增长。在现代工业趋于下降时,对电磁干扰(EMI)直接的进步取决于屏蔽的需要和装     

Ultrasonic phased-array scanner with digital echo synthesis for Doppler echocardiography

For the purpose of the quantitative assessment of subtle disease processes in the cardiovascular system an electronically steered sector scanner that combines echographic imaging and Doppler blood velocity measurements has been developed. The integrated operation of a fast Fourier transform (FFT) Doppler signal processor for the simultaneous blood velocity evaluation of 64 individual gates is among the specific design goals. The instrument incorporates an unusually high degree of digital signal processing, which allows for high integration density, easy manufacturing and high reliability in future designs. The complex Doppler spectra are determined for each of the 64 Doppler gates in real time, and the subsequent computation of the first moment provides a reliable estimate of the mean blood flow velocities at the respective locations. The instantaneous velocity profile along the Doppler beam is displayed together with the calculated volume flow rate and a range-selected complete frequency spectrum. Results of both in vitro and in vivo tests indicate that in the future, a higher degree of digital signal processing could be implemented in complex ultrasonic systems.